(history and the
present)
The many-sided scientific-pedagogical and organizational
activity of the Lviv University Mineralogy Department for 140 years of its
existence has been analysed. The special
activization of the Department activity is connected with Ye. Lazarenko. The
contribution of the Department scientists and teachers in preparation of the
young high-trained specialists as well as in development of some directions in
the contemporary mineralogy, in the edition of the educational-methodical
publications and scientific monographs, in organization and realization of
different level scientific forums has been noted.
The data on
native copper morphology of Ukraine are given. The mine morphological types of
native copper have been determined.
Their distribution in various occurrences is described.
generationS OF FLUID INCLUSIONS – diagnostics and
system (structural-genetic) features
The article is based
on the fluid-dynamic ore generating paleosystem thermobarogeochemical
modelling. All crystal geological objects (bodies) passed fluid stage, at least
on the accessible for investigations Earth’s crust level. Hierarchical row of
the main thermobarogeochemical taxonomic categories has been distinguished in
the general megasystem of fluid inclusions in the crystal Earth’s shell
minerals: generations, associations, complexes and geosystems of inclusions.
Generation of inclusions is the basic taxon of the classification. The main
system features of these generations have been described (integrity, structure,
interdependence of generations and containing environment, plurality of
description, sovereignty, autonomic and separated location, hierarchy). The complex
of criteria for identification and diagnostics of inclusion generations has
been recommended, main of them are mineralogical-genetic, structural-tectonic
and thermobarogeochemical.
Distinctive features of the main ore-forming minerals
chemistry
in basalts and dolerites of the Volynian Vendian
continental flood basalt province
L. Shumlyans’kyi, K. Derevs’ka
Results of detailed microprobe investigation of
chemistry of the main ore-forming minerals (plagioclase, pyroxenes and opaque)
in two samples of dolerite and 15 samples of basalt of the Volynian Vendian
flood basalt province are reported. Conclusions on physico-chemical conditions
of their crystallization, on melt composition in equilibrium with bytownite and
augite phenocrysts, as well as on particular features of crystallization of
basaltic flows and dolerite sheets during their cooling are drawn.
proterozoic tectonO-MAGMATIC ACTIVIZATION of the
UKRAINIAN SHIELD middle DniepEr And AZOV REGIONS
In the INFORMATION OF accessory MINERALS
The associations of accessory
minerals, their structure and properties can serve reliable criterion of
granitoids’ formational belonging. The question of the restoration of different
Ukrainian Shield regions (Middle Dnieper and Azov blocks) evolution main
features in the epoch of Early and Middle Proterozoic tectono-magmatic
activization is investigated on the basis of granitoids accessory minerals. The
general course of the Proterozoic tectono-magmatic activization can be
presented as influence of material- thermal mantle flows, which have resulted
in development of antidromic magmatism and have generated blocks of the
Ukrainian Shield.
SIGNIFICANCE OF ACCESSORY MINERALS
PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS FOR ORE FORECASTING IN GRANITOIDS
Every mineral contains genetic information. The most informative are
accessory minerals. Philogenesis of accessory minerals and their paragenesises gives
a possibility to determine the stages of rock-forming process, an evolution of
its physical-chemical conditions and geological object potential ore content.
OF THE RAKHIV ORE REGION GOLD-BEARING
OBJECTS (TRANSCARPATHIANS)
S. Tsikhon, I. Popivniak, A. Gorodechnyi
Different-age
crystallomorphogenetic pyrite series with habit forms regularly changing during
growth from the early germs to the late ones have been revealed for the first
time in the gold-bearing objects of the Rakhiv ore region. At the same time pyrite simple forms in the
gold-productive complexes essentially distinguish from non-productive ones by
its morphology, morphometry, trace-elements content, thermoelectric properties,
crystallization sequence of the simple forms in the every series limit that can
be considered as typomorphic sign.
PECULIARITIES OF PYRITE MINERALIZATION
MINERALOGICAL-PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS SPATIAL VARIABILITY
(on the example
of the Bobrykiv ore field, Nagol’ny²
mountain-ridge, Donbas)
O. Lytvynovych,
V. Yekhivanov, Yu. Pakhnyushchy³, T. Kutny³, V. Favorov
Mineralogical-physical logging on pyrite
in the explored by deep boreholes part of the Bobrykiv ore field gives the
possibility to establish the elements of its structure and perspective on
native gold mineralization areas.
Genetic peculiarities and thermobarogeochemical
parameters of Eastern Uzbekistan gold-ore formations have been described,
including the depth of forming respect to syn-ore paleosurface.
GARNETS OF KIMBERLITE PIPE
NYURBINS’KA (Western Yakutia)
Basing on complex investigations of garnets from
concentrate of pipe Nyurbins’ka kimberlites and properties of diamonds quality
the dependence of diamond raw material from abyssal paragenic associations has
been revealed. It has been shown that analysis of garnet compositions allows
determining prevailing abyssal parageneses in the selection and by this makes
it possible to judge about geologic-economic potential of the deposit.
LAWS OF
CHANGE OF RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS CONCENTRATION IN Cr-PYROPES OF THE
EAST-PRIAZOVIAN REGION (UKRAINE)
O. Mygovych,
B. Panov, Yu. Panov, N. Kozar, S. Strekozov
The results of determination of
rare-earth elements content in Cr-pyropes of kimberlite pipes (East-Priazovian
region) are given. These results are compared to the similar data on Cr-pyropes
from diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes Mir and Udachnaya (Yakutian).
Formation conditions of the aluminite
mineralization in the South Donbas: isotope evidence
V. Ustónov, V.
Grynenko, V. Artemenko, O. Artemenko
Formation conditions of aluminite have been determined using the
intrastructural isotopic method and investigation of S and O isotopic
composition in attendant minerals of aluminite-gypsum-pyrite assemblages of
Carboniferous terrigenous-carbonate complex in the South Donbas. The isotopic
characteristics of S and O in sulphides and sulphates allowed tracing the
sequence of mineral formation and the conditions of this process.
The influence of γ-irradiation on mechanical properties of halite
V. Syomka, À. Lytovchenko, V. Mel’nykov, S. Shekhounova
The influence of γ-irradiation on mechanical properties of natural
and synthetic halite crystals has been investigated. It was determined that during
the irradiation such processes as crystal strengthening, decreasing and loosing
of their plasticity occurred in both cases. The most significant alterations of
mechanical properties are observed in synthetic crystals. It was also shown
that the extent of crystal strengthening largely depended on the concentration
of radiation point defects and their complexes interacted with dislocations.
HYDROCARBONS IN THE BADENIAN SALTS OF FORECARPATHIANS AND
TRANSCARPATHIANS REGIONS
Fluid inclusions with an oil phase in the halite from Forecarpathians, Transilvanian and East-Slovakian salt basins of the Carpathians region
have been established for the first time. The solved gas composition in fluid
inclusions is determined. Inclusions with an oil phase are described and
previous genetic conclusions as to the character of the oil show in the
Badenian salt region are drawn.
L. Hopko,
D. Holovchenko, Yu. Datsyuk, I. Popivnyak, S. Tsikhon
Carbonaceous terrigenous rocks of Luhiv suite (Rakhiv ore region, Transcarpathians)
have been investigated. The results of chemical analysis and characteristic rock
features from the base to the top of suite are given. Hydrocarbonic components
are concentrated mostly in fine-grained aleuritic sandstone with carbonate
cement.
mineralogical
and petrographic peculiarities of travertine in podillya region
The process of travertine formation in the Podillya region, their
mineralogical composition, structures and textures have been described.
Structures and textures of travertine are the indicators of travertine
formation paleogeographic conditions.
PROBLEMS OF ecological
mineralogy in Donbas
The paper is dedicated to the problems of ecological mineralogy in Donbas. This
is the new trend of mineralogical researches in Ukraine, especially in Donets’k coal
basin, where for 200 years of industrial development 1257 refuse heaps have been accumulated, moreover majority of they burn. Owing to this burning
different technogenic minerals are formed, including simple substances
(sulfur), sulphides (realgar), halides (sal-ammoniac), nitrates (ammonium nitrate), oxides (hematite), silicates (mullite), water and waterless sulphates
(mascagnite, pickeringite etc.). During our investigations 22 minerals have
been discovered, three of them (tamarugite, letovicite and
ammonium nitrate) are the
first finds in Donbas.
Mineralogy of conserving mineral-like matrixes of
high-level waste with garnet structure
Perspective crystalline matrixes on a ferrite garnet basis for high-level waste lanthanoid and actinoid fractions
immobilization and with high content of corrosion products aimed at their
long-term safe storage and further geological isolation are considered in the
article. Their synthesis parameters are optimized, the content of actinoid
(Th), lanthanoid (La, Gd, Ce) and zirconium is determined. This content exceeds
considerably all currently known natural garnet values. Implementation of
further researches is necessary in order to specify optimum matrix composites
as to radiation and chemical durability of taken samples.
Ol’hovats’ko-Volynts³vs’ka anticline
Stages of development and gold mineralization (Donbas)
The results of Ol’hovats’ko-Volyntsivs’ka anticline (Donbas)
tectonic stresses fields reconstruction by dykes, veins and sliskenslides have
been presented. Twelve main stages of the structure development have been
determined. The conclusions have been made about the place of gold
mineralization in anticline development history.
THE FIRST UKRAINIAN TEXTBOOKS on mineralogy IN THE SECOND
HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY
P. Bilonizhka, O. Matkovs’kyi, V.
Pavlyshyn
The
Ukrainian textbooks on mineralogy, published in Ukrainian by V. Volyan, M. Polyans’kyi and I. Verhrats’kyi
in the second half of the 19th century, has been analysed. On this
basis some questions of mineralogy development history, classification of
minerals and Ukrainian mineralogical terminology have been investigated.
NEW MODERN TEXTBOOK ON MINERALOGY
Yu. Lyakhov,
M. Pavlun’, A. Sivoronov, I. Popivnyak, L. Skakun, P. Bilonizhka, K. Sveshnikov
The meaning and importance of
the textbook on mineralogy “Genesis of minerals” have been analysed, which authors
V.I. Pavlyshyn, O.I. Matkovs’kyi and S.O. Dovhyi are the known scientists and
teachers; the accent on timeliness of its publication is made.